Produção científica em saúde da população LGBTQIA+: uma análise crítica do conteúdo da literatura / Scientific production on LGBTQIA+ health: a critical analysis of the literature

Resumo Esta pesquisa traz em seu escopo a análise do potencial estigmatizador do conteúdo de estudos direcionados à população LGBTQIA+ indexados na plataforma PubMed. Por meio de uma ampla e sistemática pesquisa bibliográfica foram identificados e incluídos, respectivamente, 821 e 334 (40,68%) artigos, dos quais foram extraídos 1838 descritores. Da análise dos dados coletados foram identificados as maiores prevalências dos descritores "men having sex with man" (192 repetições) e "HIV" (98 repetições). Sendo assim, o percurso analítico das informações levantadas refletiu que a população LGBTQIA+ é essencialmente designada como "homens que fazem sexo com outros homens e soropositivos". Este estudo traz, portanto, a presença de características estigmatizantes nos estudos direcionados à população LGBTQIA+. Contudo, cabe destacar que o resultado encontrado é subsídio para o fortalecimento de uma perspectiva crítica de um fazer científico mais humanizado e direcionado às especificidades e necessidades da população LGBTQIA+.

Abstract This study analyzes the stigmatizing potential of studies on the LGBTQIA+ population indexed on the PubMED database. By a broad and systematic bibliographic search, 821 publications were found and 334 (40.68%) were included in this study. From these, 1838 keywords were extracted. Data analysis showed that the keywords "men who have sex with man" (192 repetitions) and "HIV" (98 repetitions) had the highest prevalence. Thus, according to the analysis, the LGBTQIA+ population is essentially described as "men who have sex with other men" and "HIV positive." This study unveils the presence of stigmatizing characteristics in studies on the LGBTQIA+ population. However, such findings can help strengthen the critical perspective of a more humanized scientific practice, actually concerned with the specificities and needs of the LGBTQIA+ population.

Publication Trends in Pediatric Stone Disease: A Bibliometric Analysis / Tendencias de publicación en la litiasis pediátrica: Un análisis bibliométrico

Introduction In the pediatric population, the prevalence of stone disease has increased in recent years. We aim to analyze the bibliometric characteristic of available literature on the management of stones in this population. Methods We performed a search for articles published until December 2019 on the Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases using the keywords children, lithiasis, and stones. We excluded articles involving patients older than 18 years of age and those with non-urological lithiasis. Then, we performed a bibliometric analysis using the original language, year of publication, impact factor (yearly number of citations), and absolute citation count as variables to calculate the impact index (number of sources adjusted for the time since publication). Results We included 291 articles published between 1940 and December 2019 for analysis. The average number of citations per manuscript was of 15.3 (± 21.9), and the average impact index was of 502 (± 976.4). A total of 4 articles were published before 1970. The evaluation of historical landmarks that could affect citation counts, such as the launch of a journal specialized in pediatric urology (Journal of Pediatric Urology), showed a mean citation count of 23.29 before the first edition, and of 14.96 after (p = 0.0006). The variation on the impact index with the same criteria was of 539.6 before the first edition of the Journal of Pediatric Urology, and of 316.32 after (p = 0.001). The average number of citations before internet access was of 17.9, and, after the internet, of 15.1 (p = 0.17). We also observed a difference in counts regarding languages of publication. Conclusions The proportional academic productivity on pediatric stone disease demonstrates that citation counts do not reflect the true academic impact of subspecialized topics.

Introducción La prevalencia de la urolitiasis en la población pediátrica ha venido aumentando en los últimos años. Este manuscrito busca analizar las características bibliométricas de la literatura disponible sobre el manejo de la urolitiasis pediátrica. Métodos Realizamos una búsqueda por artículos publicados hasta diciembre de 2019 en las bases de datos Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase y Web of Science con las palabras children, lithiasis, y stones. Excluimos artículos con pacientes mayores de 18 años y litiasis no urológica. Posteriormente, realizamos un análisis bibliométrico utilizando el idioma original, el año de publicación, el factor de impacto (número de citas anuales), y el recuento absoluto de citas para calcular el índice de impacto (número de fuentes ajustadas por el tiempo desde la publicación). Resultados Analizamos 291 artículos publicados desde 1940 hasta diciembre de 2019. El promedio de citas por artículo fue de 15,3 (± 21,9), y el índice de impacto fue de 502 (± 976,4). Un total de 4 artículos fueron publicados antes de 1970. La evaluación de hitos históricos que pudieran afectar el recuento de citas, como el lanzamiento de una revista de urología pediátrica (Journal of Pediatric Urology), mostró un recuento medio de citas de 23,29 antes de la primera edición, y de 14,96 después (p = 0,0006). La variación del índice de impacto con los mismos criterios fue de 539,6 antes de la primera edición de esta revista, y de 316,32 después (p = 0,001). El promedio de citas antes del acceso a la internet fue de 17,9, y después, de 15,1 (p = 0,17). Observamos también una diferencia en los recuentos respecto a los idiomas de publicación. Conclusiones La productividad académica sobre la litiasis pediátrica demuestra que los recuentos de citas no reflejan el verdadero impacto académico de los temas subespecializados.

Aproximações da produção científica em ciências da saúde na ciência da informação no Brasil / Approximations of scientific production in health sciences in the information science in Brazil / Aproximaciones de la producción científica en ciencias de la salud en la ciencia de la información en Brasil

O trabalho apresentado neste artigo analisou as aproximações da produção científica em ciências da saúde na área de ciência da informação, no Brasil, com base nos artigos indexados na Base de Dados Referenciais de Artigos de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação (Brapci), no período de 1972 a 2020. A partir da coleta pelo termo 'saúde', os dados foram organizados a fim de: identificar os autores mais produtivos; descrever as formas de coautoria; investigar as características das revistas utilizadas para publicação; analisar as temáticas identificadas a partir das palavras-chave. Foram coletados 1.293 documentos, dos quais, após limpeza, totalizaram 1.140 registros, que foram administrados no software VOSviewer. Verificou-se que 3,3% dos documentos em ciência da informação indexados na base abordam alguma questão da área de saúde. A Revista Eletrônica de Comunicação, Informação e Inovação em Saúde (Reciis) publicou 43,2% de todos os trabalhos recuperados e uma mostrou prevalência de autoria múltipla.

The work presented in this article analyzed the approximations of scientific production in health sciences in the area of information science in Brazil based on articles indexed by the Base de Dados Referenciais de Artigos de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação (Brapci) from 1972 to 2020. After searching the term 'health', the data were organized to in order to identify the most productive authors; to describe the forms of coauthorship; to investigate the characteristics of the journals used for publication; and to analyze the themes identified by means of the keywords. 1,293 documents were collected and after cleaning the total came to 1,140 records that were visualized using the VOSviewer software. It was verified that 3.3% of the documents concerning information science which was indexed in the database address some issue of health field. The Reciis ­ Revista Eletrônica de Comunicação, Informação e Inovação em Saúde (Electronic journal of communication, information and innovation in health) published 43.2% of all works obtained and has revealed a prevalence of multiple authorship.

El trabajo presentado analizó las aproximaciones de la producción científica en ciencias de la salud en el área de ciencias de la información en Brasil con base en artículos indexados en la Base de Dados Referenciais de Artigos de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação (Brapci) en el período de 1972 a 2020. A partir de la recolección del término 'salud', los datos fueron organizados para identificar a los autores más productivos; describir las formas de coautoría; investigar las características de las revistas utilizadas para la publicación; analizar los temas identificados a partir de las palabras clave. Han sido recopilados 1.293 documentos y después de la limpieza totalizaron 1.140 registros que han sido visualizados en el software VOSviewer. Se han verificado que 3.3% de los documentos conciernentes a la ciencia de la información indexados en la base de datos abordan algún tema del área de salud. La Reciis ­ Revista Eletrônica de Comunicação, Informação e Inovação em Saúde (Revista electrónica de comunicación, información y innovación en salud) publicó 43,2% del total de trabajos recuperados y ha evidenciado un predominio de autoría múltiple. Palabras clave: Ciencia de la información; Ciencias de la salud; Producción científica; Col

Mapeando a dinâmica da informática médica: uma análise bibliométrica do campo científico / Mapping the dynamics of medical informatics: a bibliometric analysis of the scientific field / Mapeo de la dinámica de la informática médica: un análisis bibliométrico del campo científico

A saúde digital é um assunto emergente em fóruns acadêmicos, nas políticas públicas e nas organizações de saúde. Supondo que a saúde digital deriva de conhecimentos da informática médica, este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa bibliométrica sobre a evolução conceitual e tecnológica do campo da informática médica nas últimas décadas, enfatizando aspectos metodológicos. O trabalho realizou bibliometria em metadados de 100 mil artigos indexados sob a categoria 'medical informatics' na base de dados Web of Science entre os anos de 1960 e 2020. Foram realizadas análises longitudinais com utilização dos softwares Bibliometrix e CorText em três eixos: quantidade de publicações, países dos autores e palavras-chave. Conforme a hipótese metodológica que orientou o estudo, as mudanças terminológicas verificadas ao longo do tempo oferecem uma visão aproximativa das mudanças conceituais e tecnológicas do campo de pesquisa da informática médica. Os resultados mostram que esse campo de investigação apresentou crescimento consistente ao longo das últimas seis décadas, expandindo-se para diferentes países. As mudanças terminológicas e conceituais detectadas pela análise de palavras-chave permitiram a identificação de períodos temporais definidos, associados a rótulos genéricos como 'health informatics', 'e-health'. O rótulo 'medical informatics' é recorrente como termo mais geral a designar o campo de aplicação, em razão de sua adoção por associações científicas internacionais a partir da década de 1970. Nos últimos cincos anos, pode-se identificar a emergência do termo 'digital health', que possivelmente será o conceito dominante na década que se inicia. A análise de palavras-chave também indica a associação entre mudanças terminológicas e de tecnologias, o que reforça as relações entre conceitos e aplicações tecnológicas de cada período.

Digital health is an emerging topic in academic forums, public policies, and healthcare organizations. Assuming that digital health derives from previous medical informatics knowledge, this work presents findings from a bibliometric study on medical informatics technological and conceptual evolution in the last decades, emphasizing methodological aspects. We performed a bibliometric analysis in metadata from 100,000 papers indexed under the category 'medical informatics' in the Web of Science database between 1960 and 2020. Longitudinal analysis using software Bibliometrix and CorText were conducted in three axes: frequency of items, authors' countries, and keywords. Based on the methodological hypothesis guiding the study, the changes in keywords over time offer a proxy view on the conceptual and technological changes in the medical informatics research field. The results show that medical informatics consistently grew over the last six decades, expanding to several countries. Conceptual and technological changes that emerged from the keyword analysis supported the identification of well delimited periods related to general labels, such as: 'health informatics' and 'e-health'. The 'medical informatics' is recurring as a general label due to international scientific associations' adoption since the early 1970s. Moreover, in the last five years, we could identify the term 'digital health', which will probably be a major label in the next decade. The keyword analysis also showed the association between labels and technological changes, adding more evidence that these changes are related to concepts and technological applications.

La salud digital es un tema emergente en foros académicos, políticas públicas y organizaciones de salud. Asumiendo que la salud digital deriva del conocimiento de la informática médica, este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación bilbiométrica sobre la evolución conceptual y tecnológica del campo de la informática médica en las últimas décadas, enfatizando aspectos metodológicos. El trabajo realizó bibliometría en metadatos de 100.000 artículos indexados en la categoría 'informática médica' en la base de datos Web of Science entre los años 1960 y 2020. Se realizaron análisis longitudinales utilizando los softwares Bibliometrix y CorText en tres ejes: número de publicaciones, nacionalidad de los autores y palabras clave. De acuerdo con la hipótesis metodológica que orientó el estudio, los cambios terminológicos verificados a lo largo del tiempo ofrecen una visión aproximada de los cambios conceptuales y tecnológicos en el campo de la investigación en informática médica. Los resultados muestran que este campo de investigación ha mostrado un crecimiento constante durante las últimas seis décadas, expandiéndose a diferentes países. Los cambios terminológicos y conceptuales detectados por el análisis de palabras clave permitieron identificar periodos de tiempo definidos, asociados a etiquetas genéricas como 'informática en salud', 'e-salud'. La etiqueta 'informática médica' es recurrente como el término más general para designar el campo de aplicación, debido a su adopción por parte de asociaciones científicas internacionales desde la década de 1970. En los últimos cinco años se puede identificar el surgimiento del término 'salud digital', que posiblemente será el concepto dominante en la próxima década. El análisis de palabras clave también indica la asociación entre cambios terminológicos y tecnológicos, lo que refuerza las relaciones entre conceptos y aplicaciones tecnológicas en cada período.

Taxa de publicação de resumos da área de Endodontia apresentados na Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica entre 2013 e 2016 / Full-length publication rates of endodontic abstracts presented at the Brazilian Society of Oral Research meetings between 2013 and 2016

O conceito de Odontologia baseada em evidências requer a produção e publicação de pesquisas de alta qualidade em periódicos internacionais criteriosos. Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as taxas de publicação de resumos endodônticos apresentados na reunião da SBPqO nos anos de 2013, 2014, 2015 e 2016. Material e Métodos: O fator de impacto e a classificação Qualis dos periódicos, e o tempo decorrido entre o congresso e a publicação completa também foram avaliados. Em seguida, foram classificados em seis categorias: pesquisa básica endodôntica, revisão de temas endodônticos, estudos clínicos, ensaios clínicos randomizados, pesquisa básica tecnológica ou relatos de caso. Uma pesquisa em bancos de dados eletrônicos usando o mecanismo Medline (PubMed) foi realizada de janeiro de 2018 a julho de 2018, para identificar publicações escritas em inglês com texto completo dos resumos endodônticos previamente selecionados. A identificação da publicação em texto completo dos resumos foi inicialmente realizada utilizando o sobre- nome do primeiro autor e as principais palavras-chave do título do resumo. Após a verificação do artigo em texto completo, informações adicionais foram registradas, tais como: tempo decorrido até a publicação; nome, fator de impacto e classificação Qualis da revista; e o tipo de estudo. Resultados: Após a leitura do conteúdo da reunião, 1.238 resumos (10,2%) foram considerados de interesse endodôntico e, em seguida, foi realizada uma busca eletrônica no banco de dados. Conclusão: Um grande número de resumos endodônticos não foi publicado como um manuscrito completo. Estudos clínicos e ensaios clínicos randomizados representaram uma pequena parte das publicações (AU).

Evidence-based dentistry consists in the clinical application of concepts based on researches pub- lished as scientific papers in indexed periodicals. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the publication rates of endodontic abstracts presented in the meeting of SBPqO in the years of 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016. Materials and Methods: Endodontic abstracts presented between 2013 and 2016 were included. Then, they were classified into six categories: endodontic basic research, review endodontic topics, clinical studies, randomized clinical trials, technological basic research or case reports. An electronic database search using the Medline (PubMed) engine was performed from January 2018 to July 2018 to identify full-text English-written publications of the endodontic abstracts previously selected. The identification of full-text publication of the abstracts was initially performed using the first authors last name and the main keywords from the title of the abstract. Following full-text article verification, additional information was recorded such as: elapsed time until publication; name, impact factor and Qualis classification of the journal; and type of study. Results: After reading the content of the meeting, 1,238 abstracts (10.2%) were considered to be of endodontic interest, and then an electronic database search was performed. Conclusion: A large number of endodontic abstracts were not published as a full-length manuscript. Clinical studies and randomized clinical trials represented the small part of the publications (AU).

La clave está en las palabras / The key is in the words

¿Cuál es la función de las palabras clave en un artículo científico? ¿Para qué sirven? ¿Son lo mismo que los descriptores? En el pre- sente editorial se responden esas y otras preguntas relacionadas con el uso de las palabras clave, a fin de que los autores de artí- culos científicos las elijan de una mejor manera para guiar a sus potenciales lectores y aumentar la visibilidad de su artículo, lo cual puede incrementar las probabilidades de que sea citado.

What is the role of keywords in a scholarly article? What are they for? Are keywords and descriptors the same? In this editorial those and other questions related to the use of keywords are answered, in order for the authors of scholarly articles to choose them properly so that they can guide their potential readers and increase the visibility of their article, which can lead to its citation.

Validação, tradução e adaptação transcultural de instrumentos de pesquisa clínico-educacionais: uma revisão integrativa / Validation, translation and cross-cultural adaptation of clinical-educational research instruments: an integrative review

Escalas e questionários podem participar do rastreio, diagnóstico e acompanhamento de condições médicas, por isso são importantes na prática clínica. Para que sejam utilizados em um país diferente do de origem, estes devem passar por um processo de adaptação cultural, visando garantir a validade e confiabilidade iguais ao instrumento original. Embora não exista um modelo padrão-ouro a ser seguido, quatro passos são essenciais e recomendados para este processo: tradução, tradução reversa, revisão por um comitê de juízes e pré-teste. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar quais são os processos reconhecidos cientificamente realizados para a validação de instrumentos de pesquisa direcionados à língua portuguesa do Brasil. Os artigos foram identificados na base de dados PubMed, através dos descritores validation studies AND translation AND adaptation AND cross-cultural AND Brazil. Foram selecionados 16 artigos para esta revisão, publicados entre 2017 e 2019. As metodologias de validação foram variadas, sendo que cada trabalho apresentou elementos metodológicos complementares e particulares às populações estudadas. A compilação destas metodologias permitiu evidenciar os pontos comuns que podem ser seguidos na elaboração de futuras pesquisas, buscando a construção de um roteiro unificado que permita sua utilização universal na validação e adaptação transcultural de instrumentos de pesquisa.

Cómo leer y generar publicaciones científicas: la importancia del título y el resumen de un artículo científico / Scientific communication: the importance of the title and abstract of a scientific paper

The abstract of a scientific research paper must be well written and reviewed. Sometimes is the only section of a paper that is read, therefore must have the problem, research question, objective, hypothesis, method, results and conclusions, with the limitation of the study. Editors through the abstract deduce what a paper is about and its scientific relevance. The title condenses the paper's content in a few words, must capture the reader's attention and includes patients and methods. Both, the research summary and title of the paper are used for references databases. The paper gives some tips to write a good research abstract and title.

El resumen de un artículo científico debe ser prolíjamente redactado y revisado ya que muchas veces es lo único que se lee. Debe ser específico y representativo del texto, describiendo el problema, el objetivo, la hipótesis, cómo se hizo la investigación y que resultados se obtuvieron con sus conclusiones, mostrando las limitaciones del estudio. El título debe llamar la atención del lector y describir los pacientes y el método en forma breve. Es en base al resumen que editores evaluan la validez y relevancia del artículo científico. El título y resumen es lo que se incorpora en las bases de datos bibliográficas. En este artículo se describen los pasos para la redacción de un resumen de un buen artículo científico.

Instrumentos de avaliação psicológica em orientação de carreira: análise da produção nacional / Psychological assessment instruments in vocational guidance: analysis of national production / Instrumentos de evaluación psicológica en orientación de carrera: análisis de la producción nacional

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa da produção científica nacional acerca do uso de instrumentos de avaliação psicológica no contexto de orientação profissional e de carreira no período de 2000 a 2017. A busca ocorreu no mês de junho de 2018, utilizando descritores correspondentes a "avaliação psicológica" e "orientação profissional" nas bases PePSIC, INDEXPSI, BVS-Psi, BVS-Saúde e no Google Acadêmico. Após a triagem de 1.376 artigos, elegeram-se 79 que atendiam aos critérios de inclusão, como ser estudo empírico com amostra brasileira e ter sido publicado em revistas nacionais. Os resultados indicaram crescimento do número de publicações a partir de 2003, com surgimento de pesquisadores além do eixo Sul-Sudeste. Foram contabilizados 69 instrumentos nas pesquisas e percebeu-se o início de investigações pautando temas e públicos não ligados apenas à escolha profissional, mostrando uma tendência de expansão da área para além do contexto escolar. Os instrumentos mais utilizados nas pesquisas foram a Escala de Aconselhamento Profissional, o Questionário de Busca Autodirigida e o Teste de Foto de Profissões, reforçando a forte tendência da avaliação de interesses profissionais na área.

Abstract This study is an integrative review of the national scientific production about the use of psychological assessment instruments in the context of Vocational and Career Guidance from 2000 to 2017. The search occurred in June 2018 using descriptors corresponding to "psychological assessment" and "vocational guidance" in the databases PePSIC, Index-Psi, BVS-Psi and BVS-Saúde and Google Scholar. After screening of 1,376 articles, 79 were chosen for meeting the inclusion criteria, such as being an empirical study with a Brazilian sample and published in Brazilian journals. The results indicated a growth in the number of publications starting from 2003 with the emergence of researchers, in addition to a South-Southeast concentration. In addition, 69 instruments were counted in the surveys and the beginning of investigations was observed, focusing on themes and audiences that were not exclusively related to the professional choice, showing a trend where the field expanded beyond the school context. The most used instruments were Escala de Aconselhamento Profissional, Questionário de Busca-Autodirigida and Teste de Foto das Profissões, reinforcing the strong tendency to evaluate professional interest in the field.

Resumen Este estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar una revisión integrativa de la producción científica nacional acerca del uso de instrumentos de evaluación psicológica en el contexto de orientación profesional y de carrera en el período de 2000 a 2017. La búsqueda ocurrió en el mes de junio de 2018 utilizando descriptores correspondientes a "evaluación psicológica" y "orientación profesional" en las bases PePSIC, INDEX-PSI, BVS-Psi y BVS-Salud y Google Académico. Tras la clasificación de 1.376 artículos, fueron elegidos 79 que atendían a los criterios de inclusión, tales como ser estudio empírico con muestra brasileña y haber sido publicado en revistas nacionales. Los resultados indicaron crecimiento del número de publicaciones a partir del año 2003 con surgimiento de investigadores además del eje Sur-Sureste. Además, se contabilizaron 69 instrumentos en las investigaciones y se percibió el inicio de investigaciones pautando temas y públicos no vinculados solo a la elección profesional, mostrando una tendencia de expansión del área más allá del contexto escolar. Los instrumentos más utilizados en la investigación fueron: Escala de Aconselhamento Profissional, Questionário de Busca-Autodirigida y Teste de Foto das Profissões, lo que refuerza la fuerte tendencia de la evaluación de intereses profesionales en el área.

Male Oxidative Stress Infertility (MOSI): Proposed Terminology and Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Idiopathic Male Infertility

Despite advances in the field of male reproductive health, idiopathic male infertility, in which a man has altered semen characteristics without an identifiable cause and there is no female factor infertility, remains a challenging condition to diagnose and manage. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress (OS) plays an independent role in the etiology of male infertility, with 30% to 80% of infertile men having elevated seminal reactive oxygen species levels. OS can negatively affect fertility via a number of pathways, including interference with capacitation and possible damage to sperm membrane and DNA, which may impair the sperm's potential to fertilize an egg and develop into a healthy embryo. Adequate evaluation of male reproductive potential should therefore include an assessment of sperm OS. We propose the term Male Oxidative Stress Infertility, or MOSI, as a novel descriptor for infertile men with abnormal semen characteristics and OS, including many patients who were previously classified as having idiopathic male infertility. Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) can be a useful clinical biomarker for the classification of MOSI, as it takes into account the levels of both oxidants and reductants (antioxidants). Current treatment protocols for OS, including the use of antioxidants, are not evidence-based and have the potential for complications and increased healthcare-related expenditures. Utilizing an easy, reproducible, and cost-effective test to measure ORP may provide a more targeted, reliable approach for administering antioxidant therapy while minimizing the risk of antioxidant overdose. With the increasing awareness and understanding of MOSI as a distinct male infertility diagnosis, future research endeavors can facilitate the development of evidence-based treatments that target its underlying cause.

Content based medical image retrieval based on new efficient local neighborhood wavelet feature descriptor

This paper presents a new class of local neighborhood based wavelet feature descriptor (LNWFD) for content based medical image retrieval (CBMIR). To retrieve images effectively from large medical databases is backbone of diagnosis. Existing wavelet transform based medical image retrieval methods suffer from high length feature vector with confined retrieval performance. Triplet half-band filter bank (THFB) enhanced the properties of wavelet filters using three kernels. The influence of THFB has employed in the proposed method. First, triplet half-band filter bank (THFB) is used for single level wavelet decomposition to obtain four sub-bands. Next, the relationship among wavelet coefficients is exploited at each sub-band using 3 × 3 neighborhood window to form LNWFD pattern. The novelty of the proposed descriptor lies in exploring relation between wavelet transform values of pixels rather than intensity values which gives more detail local information in wavelet sub-bands. Thus, proposed feature descriptor is robust against illumination. Manhattan distance is used to compute similarity between query feature vector and feature vector of database. The proposed method is tested for medical image retrieval using OASIS-MRI, NEMA-CT, and Emphysema-CT databases. The average retrieval precisions achieved are 71.45%, 99.51% of OASIS-MRI and NEMA-CT databases for top ten matches considered respectively and 55.51% of Emphysema-CT database for top 50 matches. The superiority in terms of performance of the proposed method is confirmed by the experimental results over the well-known existing descriptors.

Scoring System to Stratify Malignancy Risks for Mammographic Microcalcifications Based on Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 5th Edition Descriptors

OBJECTIVE: To develop a scoring system stratifying the malignancy risk of mammographic microcalcifications using the 5th edition of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS).MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred ninety-four lesions with microcalcifications for which surgical excision was performed were independently reviewed by two radiologists according to the 5th edition of BI-RADS. Each category's positive predictive value (PPV) was calculated and a scoring system was developed using multivariate logistic regression. The scores for benign and malignant lesions or BI-RADS categories were compared using an independent t test or by ANOVA. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was assessed to determine the discriminatory ability of the scoring system. Our scoring system was validated using an external dataset.RESULTS: After excision, 69 lesions were malignant (36%). The PPV of BI-RADS descriptors and categories for calcification showed significant differences. Using the developed scoring system, mean scores for benign and malignant lesions or BI-RADS categories were significantly different (p < 0.001). The AUROC of our scoring system was 0.874 (95% confidence interval, 0.840–0.909) and the PPV of each BI-RADS category determined by the scoring system was as follows: category 3 (0%), 4A (6.8%), 4B (19.0%), 4C (68.2%), and 5 (100%). The validation set showed an AUROC of 0.905 and PPVs of 0%, 8.3%, 11.9%, 68.3%, and 94.7% for categories 3, 4A, 4B, 4C, and 5, respectively.CONCLUSION: A scoring system based on BI-RADS morphology and distribution descriptors could be used to stratify the malignancy risk of mammographic microcalcifications.

Korean Pain Descriptors in Patients with Neuromusculoskeletal Pain

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate which Korean pain descriptors are frequently used in the patients with neuromusculoskeletal diseases and compare the frequency of Korean pain descriptor according to age, gender, pain pattern and intensity, and clinical diagnosis.METHOD: Two hundreds sixty nine patients with neuromusculoskeletal diseases were enrolled in this study. The patients were asked to fill out a pain questionnaire using Korean. The Korean pain descriptors were collected and classified according to neurophysiological mechanism. The frequency of Korean pain descriptor was analyzed by age, gender, pain pattern and intensity, and clinical diagnosis. They were divided into axial spine and peripheral joint pain group depending on the location of causal disease and shoulder pain descriptors were divided into intra-articular and bursa group.RESULTS: Among 24 Korean pain descriptors, ‘arida’ was the most common pain descriptor, followed by ‘ssusida’ and ‘jjireunda’. When the pain descriptors were classified according to neurophysiological mechanism, superficial somatic pain was the most common, followed by deep somatic pain. There was a significant difference in the frequency of the pain descriptor between axial spine and peripheral joint pain group (p=0.007). The pain descriptor ‘danggida’ was used significantly more in the patients with axial spine pain than peripheral joint pain (p=0.024). However, there was no significant difference in other factors.CONCLUSION: The patients with neuromusculoskeletal diseases expressed their pain using various Korean pain descriptors with stabbing nature and superficial somatic pain. Our results may be helpful to assess and develop a new Korean pain quality measure in the patients with neuromusculoskeletal diseases.

Diagnostic Issues of Depressive Disorders from Kraepelinian Dualism to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition

Because the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) was mainly influenced by the neo-Kraepelinian approach, its categorical approach to defining mental disorders has been criticized from the viewpoint of etiological neutrality. In the context of bridging the gap between “presumed etiologies-based symptomatology” and “identifiable pathophysiological etiologies,” the content in 5th edition, the DSM-5, has been revised to incorporate a combination of categorical and dimensional approaches. The most remarkable change of note regarding the diagnostic classification of depressive disorders in the DSM-5 is the splitting of mood disorders into bipolar disorders and depressive disorders, which is in accordance with the deconstruction of the Kraepelinian dualism for psychoses. The transdiagnostic specifiers “with mixed features,” “with psychotic features,” and “with anxious distress” are introduced to describe the relationships of depressive disorders with bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, and generalized anxiety disorder, respectively, in a dimensional manner. The lowering of the diagnostic threshold for major depressive disorder (MDD) may be caused by the addition of “hopelessness” to the subjective descriptors of depressive mood and the elimination of “bereavement exclusion” from the definition of MDD. Since the heterogeneity of MDD is equivalent to the Wittgensteinian “games” analogy, the different types of MDD are related not by a single essential feature but rather by “family resemblance.” Network analyses of MDD symptoms may therefore need further review to elucidate the connections among interrelated symptoms and other clinical elements.

Tesauro Especializado en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano (TECMH) / Specialized Thesaurus in Human Science Movement (STHSM)

Resumen El TECMH ofrecerá a la comunidad científica léxicos documentales especializados y normalizados en lengua española, para mitigar su carencia en el área de las Ciencias del Movimiento Humano; en consecuencia, su objetivo es servir como un instrumento necesario para la asignación de términos normalizados durante el proceso de indización de la documentación técnica de las Ciencias del Movimiento Humano. El cuestionario, la observación y el análisis de contenido, distribuidos en siete herramientas, son técnicas que se aplicaron como metodología que permitieron la construcción del tesauro. Para demostrar el resultado final, su clase temática es: "Ciencias del Movimiento Humano", conformado por dieciséis diferentes categorías temáticas, para un total de 3.873 descriptores. En conclusión, el tesauro proporcionará descriptores normalizados, facilitará el proceso de indización de la producción documental en los centros documentales y apoyará la investigación en esta área.

Abstract The TECMH (Spanish acronym) will offer to the scientific community, specialized documentary lexicons and standardized in Spanish language, relieve this lack [of instruments] in the Human Sciences Movement field that exists today; its target is to provide the necessary instrument for the assignment of standardized terms, during the process of indexing the technical documentation of the Human Sciences Movement. The questionnaire, observation, and content analysis, distributed in seven tools, are techniques that were the applied methodology that allowed the construction of the thesaurus. To demonstrated the final outcome, its thematic class is "Human Sciences Movement", conformed by sixteen different thematic categories, for a total of 3873 descriptors. In conclusion, the thesaurus will provide standard descriptors, ease the process of indexing documentary production in documentary centers, and supports research in this field.

Strategies to optimize MEDLINE and EMBASE search strategies for anesthesiology systematic reviews. An experimental study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: A high-quality electronic search is essential for ensuring accuracy and comprehensiveness among the records retrieved when conducting systematic reviews. Therefore, we aimed to identify the most efficient method for searching in both MEDLINE (through PubMed) and EMBASE, covering search terms with variant spellings, direct and indirect orders, and associations with MeSH and EMTREE terms (or lack thereof). DESIGN AND SETTING: Experimental study. UNESP, Brazil. METHODS: We selected and analyzed 37 search strategies that had specifically been developed for the field of anesthesiology. These search strategies were adapted in order to cover all potentially relevant search terms, with regard to variant spellings and direct and indirect orders, in the most efficient manner. RESULTS: When the strategies included variant spellings and direct and indirect orders, these adapted versions of the search strategies selected retrieved the same number of search results in MEDLINE (mean of 61.3%) and a higher number in EMBASE (mean of 63.9%) in the sample analyzed. The numbers of results retrieved through the searches analyzed here were not identical with and without associated use of MeSH and EMTREE terms. However, association of these terms from both controlled vocabularies retrieved a larger number of records than did the use of either one of them. CONCLUSIONS: In view of these results, we recommend that the search terms used should include both preferred and non-preferred terms (i.e. variant spellings and direct/indirect order of the same term) and associated MeSH and EMTREE terms, in order to develop highly-sensitive search strategies for systematic reviews.

Automatic disease stage classification of glioblastoma multiforme histopathological images using deep convolutional neural network

In the field of computational histopathology, computer-assisted diagnosis systems are important in obtaining patient-specific diagnosis for various diseases and help precision medicine. Therefore, many studies on automatic analysis methods for digital pathology images have been reported. In this work, we discuss an automatic feature extraction and disease stage classification method for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) histopathological images. In this paper, we use deep convolutional neural networks (Deep CNNs) to acquire feature descriptors and a classification scheme simultaneously. Further, comparisons with other popular CNNs objectively as well as quantitatively in this challenging classification problem is undertaken. The experiments using Glioma images from The Cancer Genome Atlas shows that we obtain 96:5% average classification accuracy for our network and for higher cross validation folds other networks perform similarly with a higher accuracy of 98:0%. Deep CNNs could extract significant features from the GBM histopathology images with high accuracy. Overall, the disease stage classification of GBM from histopathological images with deep CNNs is very promising and with the availability of large scale histopathological image data the deep CNNs are well suited in tackling this challenging problem.

Logistic LASSO regression for the diagnosis of breast cancer using clinical demographic data and the BI-RADS lexicon for ultrasonography

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the performance of image analysis for predicting breast cancer using two distinct regression models and to evaluate the usefulness of incorporating clinical and demographic data (CDD) into the image analysis in order to improve the diagnosis of breast cancer. METHODS: This study included 139 solid masses from 139 patients who underwent a ultrasonography-guided core biopsy and had available CDD between June 2009 and April 2010. Three breast radiologists retrospectively reviewed 139 breast masses and described each lesion using the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon. We applied and compared two regression methods-stepwise logistic (SL) regression and logistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression-in which the BI-RADS descriptors and CDD were used as covariates. We investigated the performances of these regression methods and the agreement of radiologists in terms of test misclassification error and the area under the curve (AUC) of the tests. RESULTS: Logistic LASSO regression was superior (P < 0.05) to SL regression, regardless of whether CDD was included in the covariates, in terms of test misclassification errors (0.234 vs. 0.253, without CDD; 0.196 vs. 0.258, with CDD) and AUC (0.785 vs. 0.759, without CDD; 0.873 vs. 0.735, with CDD). However, it was inferior (P < 0.05) to the agreement of three radiologists in terms of test misclassification errors (0.234 vs. 0.168, without CDD; 0.196 vs. 0.088, with CDD) and the AUC without CDD (0.785 vs. 0.844, P < 0.001), but was comparable to the AUC with CDD (0.873 vs. 0.880, P=0.141). CONCLUSION: Logistic LASSO regression based on BI-RADS descriptors and CDD showed better performance than SL in predicting the presence of breast cancer. The use of CDD as a supplement to the BI-RADS descriptors significantly improved the prediction of breast cancer using logistic LASSO regression.